A 6-to-18 GHz tunable concurrent dual-band receiver front end for scalable phased arrays in 130nm CMOS

This paper presents a study and design of tunable concurrent dual-band receiver. Different system architectures and building blocks have been compared and analyzed. A tunable concurrent dual-band receiver front end has then been fabricated and characterized. It operates across a tri-tave 6-18 GHz bandwidth with a nominal 17-25 dB conversion gain, worst-case -15 dBm IIP3, and worst-case -24.5 dBm ICP 1 dB

A compact low-noise weighted distributed amplifier in CMOS

The noise figure (NF) of a front-end low-noise amplifier (LNA) places a lower bound on the sensitivity of a receiver. In a conventional LNA, there is a tradeoff between the intrinsic input capacitance of the input transistors and the achievable bandwidth (BW) of the amplifier. This makes it necessary to use smaller transistors at higher gate overdrive voltages to simultaneously achieve greater BW and better NF. Unfortunately, biasing the transistor in this fashion yields a power-inefficient design. Furthermore, the need for a smaller capacitance presents a challenge to electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection of the input due to its added capacitance

A Scalable 6-to-18 GHz Concurrent Dual-Band Quad-Beam Phased-Array Receiver in CMOS

This paper reports a 6-to-18 GHz integrated phased- array receiver implemented in 130-nm CMOS. The receiver is easily scalable to build a very large-scale phased-array system. It concurrently forms four independent beams at two different frequencies from 6 to 18 GHz. The nominal conversion gain of the receiver ranges from 16 to 24 dB over the entire band while the worst-case cross-band and cross-polarization rejections are achieved 48 dB and 63 dB, respectively. Phase shifting is performed in the LO path by a digital phase rotator with the worst-case RMS phase error and amplitude variation of 0.5° and 0.4 dB, respectively, over the entire band. A four-element phased-array receiver system is implemented based on four receiver chips. The measured array patterns agree well with the theoretical ones with a peak-to-null ratio of over 21.5 dB

Effective crowd anomaly detection through spatio-temporal texture analysis

Abnormal crowd behaviors in high density situations can pose great danger to public safety. Despite the extensive installation of closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras, it is still difficult to achieve real-time alerts and automated responses from current systems. Two major breakthroughs have been reported in this research. Firstly, a spatial-temporal texture extraction algorithm is developed. This algorithm is able to effectively extract video textures with abundant crowd motion details. It is through adopting Gabor-filtered textures with the highest information entropy values. Secondly, a novel scheme for defining crowd motion patterns (signatures) is devised to identify abnormal behaviors in the crowd by employing an enhanced gray level co-occurrence matrix model. In the experiments, various classic classifiers are utilized to benchmark the performance of the proposed method. The results obtained exhibit detection and accuracy rates which are, overall, superior to other techniques

A tunable concurrent 6-to-18 GHz phased-array system in CMOS

This paper presents a scalable phased-array receiver system that covers a tritave bandwidth of 6-to-18 GHz implemented in a 130nm CMOS process. The single receiver element with a 10-bit phase shifting resolution achieves a maximum phase error of 2.5° within a baseband amplitude variation of 1.5dB for an arbitrary target angle. This dense interpolation provides excellent phase error/offset calibration capability in the array. A 4-element electrical array pattern is measured at 6 GHz, 13.5 GHz and 18 GHz, showing a worst case peak-to-null ratio of 21.5dB. The EVM and phase noise improvements of the array compared with the single receiver element are also shown

{2-[2-(Isopropyl­amino)­ethyl­imino­meth­yl]-5-meth­oxy­phenolato}(thio­cyanato­-κN)nickel(II)

In the title mononuclear complex, [Ni(C13H19N2O2)(NCS)], the NiII ion is coordinated by one phenolate O atom, one imine N atom, and one amine N atom of a 2-[2-(isopropyl­amino)­ethyl­imino­meth­yl]-5-meth­oxy­phenolate Schiff base ligand, and by one N atom of a thio­cyanate ligand, forming a slightly distorted square-planar geometry

Blocking IL-19 Signaling Ameliorates Allergen-Induced Airway Inflammation

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway. Its major symptoms are reversible breathing problems causing airway narrowing and obstruction. IL-19 is a member of the IL-10 family cytokines. We previously showed that IL-19 induces T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines and that asthma patients had higher serum IL-19 levels. To further examine whether inhibiting IL-19 and its receptor (IL-20R1) protected rodents against asthma, we used Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p; house dust mites) to induce chronic airway inflammation in wild-type C57BL/6 and IL-20R1-deficient mice and then analyzed the effect of the IL-20R1 deficiency on the pathogenesis of asthma. We also examined whether inhibiting IL-19 and IL-20R1 ameliorated Der p-induced chronic asthma. Der p induced IL-19 in lung airway epithelial cells, type 2 alveolar cells, and alveolar macrophages. An IL-20R1 deficiency abolished IL-19-induced Th2 cell differentiation in vitro. Th2 cytokine expression, immune cell infiltration in the bronchoalveolar lavage, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and bronchial wall thickening were lower in Der p-challenged IL-20R1-deficient mice. Anti-IL-20R1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 51D and IL-19 polyclonal antibody (pAb) both ameliorated Der p-induced AHR, lung immune cell infiltration, bronchial wall thickening, and Th2 cytokine expression. Moreover, we confirmed that anti-IL-19 mAb (1BB1) attenuated lung inflammation in a rat ovalbumin-induced asthma model. This is the first report to show that inhibition of IL-19 by targeting IL-19 or IL-20R1 protected rodents from allergic lung inflammation. Our study suggests that targeting IL-19 signaling might be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating allergic asthma

Dibromido{2-[1-(cyclo­propyl­imino)­eth­yl]pyridine}­zinc(II)

In the title compound, [ZnBr2(C10H12N2)], the Zn2+ ion is coordinated by the N,N′-bidentate Schiff base ligand and two bromode ions in a distorted tetra­hedral arrangement. The dihedral angle between the pyridine and the cyclo­propyl rings is 95.4 (8)°

1,1′-Dimethyl-1,1′-(butane-1,4-di­yl)dipyrrolidinium dibromide methanol disolvate

In the title compound, C14H30N2 2+·2Br−·2CH3OH, two terminal C atoms of the butane chain are connected to two N atoms of the 1-methyl­pyrollidines, forming a linear diquaternary ammonium cation. The cation lies across a centre of inversion located between the two central C atoms of the butane chain. The asymmetric unit therefore comprises one half-cation, a bromide anion and a methanol solvent mol­ecule. In the crystal structure, the bromide anions are linked to the methanol solvent mol­ecules by O—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds